Sequence analysis of the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae. Pp12651 aphid vectors of nonpersistent viruses on flower bulb or flower tuber crops. Our pdf merger allows you to quickly combine multiple pdf files into one single pdf document, in just a few clicks. Espesye sa insekto nga una nga gihulagway ni thomas ni adtong 1878 ang macrosiphum euphorbiae. Sep 16, 2012 plants mediate interactions between insects, including leaf and rootfeeders. Evidence of multiplication of sowthistle yellow vein virus in an inefficient aphid vector, macrosiphum euphorbiae. Description of the pest damage management important links description of the pest. Wikispecies har information om macrosiphum euphorbiae. Aug 29, 20 the thin stylets of phloemfeeding insects are formed of four subunits, and their diameter and length are species dependent. Enter the name or part of a name you wish to search for.
Thomas, 1878 dataset gbif backbone taxonomy rank species published in thomas, c. We tested the hypothesis that volatiles of the primary host, rosa rugosa, would attract the gynoparae, the parthenogenetic alate morph that produce oviparae, as well as the alate males foraging for. Macrosiphum euphorbiae colony was established in 2003 from a single apterous parthenogenetic female from the clone melb05 inrainsa, france, villeurbanne. Aphid management using biocontrol university of maryland. Biological characteristics, consumption, and prey preference of the predatory bug macrolophus basicornis preying on myzus persicae or macrosiphum euphorbiae on tomato plants were studied.
Females of the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae exhibit typical calling behavior, with virgin female oviparae raising their back legs off the substrate to release sex pheromone from glands on the tibia. The long siphunculi the tubes extending from the rear of the body have dusky black tips. Soft, pearshaped body with red eyes and tailpipelike appendages called cornicles on the rear of the body. A novel virus from macrosiphum euphorbiae with similarities. Aphididae feed on hundreds of plant species across 20 taxonomic families throughout the world and the latter is believed to be more polyphagous than the former blackman and eastop 1984, cranshaw 1998, blackman and eastop 2007. Nymphs were reared in climatic chambers at temperatures of 16, 19, 22, 25, and 28 1. Pdf a novel virus from macrosiphum euphorbiae with. The nonpersistent mode of virus transmission is characterized by a low vector virus specificity. Aphids transmit viruses in both a persistent and nonpersistent manner.
Macrosiphum euphorbiae is a vector of about one hundred plant viruses. Aphid management using biocontrol rose buitenhuis maryland greenhouse growers association aug 6, 2014. The institute of food and agricultural sciences ifas is an equal opportunity institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with nondiscrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. General information about macrosiphum euphorbiae macseu eppo global database. There are no known positive effects of macrosiphum euphorbiae on humans economic importance for humans. The winged adult has a yellowgreen abdomen, with a large dark patch on its back. Onion thrips bottom left are more common outdoors, but glasshouseraised plants could be infested with wft. Pdf in planta expression or delivery of potato aphid. Onion thrips, western flower thrips wft thrips tabaci, frankliniella occidentalis small, slender insects 2mm long, on leaves, buds and flowers. Pdf identification of two sex pheromone components of. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Macrosiphum are large spindleshaped pink or green aphids, with long legs and antennae, the latter usually longer than the body. Macrosiphum euphorbiae an overview sciencedirect topics. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
A binomial sampling method for the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas, on processing tomato plants, lycopersicon esculentum mill, is proposed. An macrosiphum euphorbiae in uska species han insecta nga syahan ginhulagway ni thomas hadton 1878. The antennal tubercles are rather high, smooth, and divergent. The spring migration takes aphids from the overwintering hostplant rosa spp. The two outer mandibular parts contain nerve canals. The number and diversity of viruses vectored by aphids far exceed those moved around by other vectors.
To establish the transcriptome for this aphid, rnaseq. Aphididae potato aphid polyphagous, attacking potato, sweetpotato, aubergine, roses, lettuce, tomato, maize, sugarbeet and many other cultivated plants and is an important vector of virus diseases. Enemies topics of discussion the nature of the beast management options o natural enemies o promoting nat. Pdf modification of macrosiphum euphorbiae colonisation. A new distribution map is provided for melampsora euphorbiae schub. Euphorbia ephedromorpha bartlett a forgotten succulent from. How phloemfeeding insects face the challenge of phloem. A virus with a large genome was identified in the transcriptome of the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae and was named macrosiphum euphorbiae virus 1 mev1. Aphids are important vectors of many persistent and nonpersistent viruses worldwide. The potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae, has evolved insecticide resistance but only currently to the extent where it could compromise insecticides when they are applied at lower rates than those aimed at aphids. Adults feed on the small aphid nymphs and parasitize the larger aphids.
M iller systematic entomology laboratory, agricultural research service u. It has a variable body colour, usually being either a shade of yellowishgreen or pinkishred. Insecticide resistance and its implications for potato. During the summer populations are made of parthenogenetic females. The potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae, is an important agricultural pest that causes economic losses to potato and tomato production. Pagka karon wala pay siak nga nalista ubos niini niya. Braconidae by lezel muller submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree magister scientiae entomology in the faculty of natural and. Reproduction and fertility life table of three aphid species. Plant canopy distribution and binomial sampling on processing tomatoes in california natalie a. Braconidae by lezel muller submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree magister scientiae entomology in the faculty of. Long distance rootshoot signalling in plantinsect community. Research open access functional characterization of the hyles.
This species works more slowly for a longer period of time than the other parasitic wasps. The experiments examining the effect of atmospheric pressure on calling behaviour of m. Macrosiphum euphorbiae were collected from malva parviflora l. Malvaceae at the experimental farm of the university of pretoria. Macrosiphum euphorbiae, the potato aphid, is a sapsucking pest insect in the family aphididae. Natural enemies of euphorbia twentythree species of fungi have been reported on members of the genus euphorbia. Economic impact is primarily due to feeding damage on cultivated roses.
Romaine variety is preferred to more hydrated lettuce varieties which wilt quickly once leaves are cut from the plant. The thin stylets of phloemfeeding insects are formed of four subunits, and their diameter and length are species dependent. Specialized host utilization of macrosiphum euphorbiae on a. The latter two were named macrosiphum euphorbiae virus 2 mev2. Opie damage on potato macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas gambier j. Airborne collections from calling oviparae were analyzed by gc and gcms to determine if, like the majority of aphids examined to date, they produced. These polyphagous insects belong to the hemiptera order, sternorrhyncha suborder, and aphidoidae superfamily. Wingless adult females apterae are medium to large in size, being 1. The alate see third picture above has pale greenish to yellowbrown thoracic lobes, with only the antennae and siphunculi noticeably darker than in the apterae.
Potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas, in tomatoes. It feeds on many plant species and causes significant crop damage in potatoes, tomatoes, lettuce, and. The present study aimed to establish the suitability i. Potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae potato or broad bean choice of host plant should be recorded for future reference. It is the carrier of tomato and potato mosaic virus diseases that kill vines. This page was last edited on 14 september 2017, at 21. We show that moderate waterdeficit stress 2530% pot capacity and high daynight temperatures 3020 c affected macrosiphum euphorbiae. The influence of temperature on the growth of experimental. Aphid colonies were synchronized by removing all alates two days before experiments conducted in 2010. Hyles euphorbiae is an introduced eurasian sphinx moth that has become established in several locations in north america. Host plant volatiles and the sexual reproduction of. Direct feeding damage is mainly on the young leaves, developing buds, and growing points of hybrid tea and other cultivated roses maelzer, 1977. Keep in mind that the search is only based on the full taxon name.
Management of potato insects in the western states. Another functional trait that most likely determines the distribution range of h. The potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae is a generalist with a wide host. Prepare accurate dilutions of the test compound from the identified commercial product. Department of agriculture, beltsville, md 20705 a bstract a brief summary of taxonomic characters, usual hosts, and distribution within the united. The clarified slide mounts below are of adult viviparous female macrosiphum euphorbiae. Drought and heat waves associated with climate change. Probing behavior of apterous and alate morphs of two. Pdf sequence analysis of the potato aphid macrosiphum. Macrosiphum euphorbiae entrapped and killed by trichomes on a resistant variety of tomato b acyrthosiphonpisumbrowncolourkilledbycyanogenicglycosides. Pdf aphids are economically important insect pests of agriculture and forest crops.
Macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas, myzus persicae sulzer, rhopalosiphum padi linnaeus and rhopalosiphum maidis fitch hemiptera. The mev1 genome is 22 780 nt in size, including 3 and 5 noncoding regions, with a single large orf encoding a putative polyprotein of 7333 aa. Siphunculi are long, flanged and not swollen, with a zone of regular polygonal reticulations covering the one. Screening for resistance against myzus persicae and. Ang macrosiphum euphorbiae sakop sa kahenera nga macrosiphum sa kabanay nga aphididae. Aphididae macrosiphum euphorbiae description wingless apterous adults and nymphs are pale. It is an important vector of plant viruses cerato et al. The potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae begins as black eggs on rose plants, which hatch into pink and green young that feed on rosebuds and leaves. Opie adults and nymphs winged individuals, apterous individuals and nymphs on the underside of a leaf of potato macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas coutin r. This free online tool allows to combine multiple pdf or image files into a single pdf document. Evidence of multiplication of sowthistle yellow vein virus in. Macrosiphum euphorbiae, the potato aphid, is described as one of the most harmful aphid species in the world.
Aphiline e can be used in any crop where macrosiphum euphorbiae is the principal pest aphid occurring. As the aphid is diurnal, the 12 h period over which. Incorporation of chlorogenic acid in the artificial diet improved the growth of the potato aphid which was studied up to 17 generations. Biokids kids inquiry of diverse species, macrosiphum. Macrosiphum macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas, 1878 fauna. Mar 31, 2014 macrosiphum euphorbiae is a highly polyphagous aphid species with a nearly worldwide distribution. Aphelinus abdominalis attacks foxglove aulacorthum solani and potato aphids macrosiphum euphorbiae. Macrosiphum euphorbiae, move from their secondary summer host plants to primary host plants, where the sexual oviparae mate and lay diapausing eggs. The dispersion and abundance of the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas on tomato lycopersicon esculentum mill. Modification of macrosiphum euphorbiae colonisation behaviour and reproduction on potato plants treated by mineral oil. Future work methods being used aims of the project background the project aims to determine the impact of secondary symbionts on the performance of m. The peach aphid, myzus persicae sulzer, and the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas, alone are able to transmit above 40 viruses to different crops blackman and eastop, 1984. Twenty arthropods have been recorded to attack the plant.
The main damage they cause is due to extraction of sap and fungal proliferation due to honeydew, but above all, they are vectors of a. Horticultural entomology potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas, in tomatoes. Potato aphid definition is a common aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae that occurs on the potato and many other plants as well as on some orchard trees and that usually overwinters on rosebushes. Apr 01, 2011 the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas, and the green peach aphid, myzus persicae sulzer homoptera. A list of the species of the tribe aphidini, family aphidae, found in the united states, which have heretofore been. Manipulating the secondary symbionts of the potato aphid. Natural mortality factors acting on potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae populations in processingtomato fields in ohio.
Macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas was fed on artificial diets containing coumarin, phloridzin, kinetin, kinetin riboside, royal jelly, alar85, and chlorogenic acid. The potato aphid has both a pink and a green color biotype. Although it is a vigorous parasite which can attack many individual aphids, it will work best when used prophylactically during periods when aphids are expected to arrive in the crop. Summary of invasiveness top of page hostalternating populations of m. Identification of two sex pheromone components of the. An macrosiphum euphorbiae in nahilalakip ha genus nga macrosiphum, ngan familia nga aphididae. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Repellence and toxicity of plant essential oils to the. It infests potatoes and a number of other commercially important crops. The potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas hemiptera. Experimental preparations alginate granules and mycelial mats of the entomopathogenic erynia neoaphidis were assessed for their capacity to cause in.
In planta expression or delivery of potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae effectors me10 and me23 enhances aphid fecundity. It has a black head and thorax and is the same size as the wingless form. Apelinus is better able to withstand higher temperatures than aphidius sp. Pdf merge combinejoin pdf files online for free soda pdf. Effects of jasmonateinduced defenses in tomato on the. Development, survival, and fecundity of the potato aphid. Macrosiphum euphorbiae macseuoverview eppo global database. Macrosiphum euphorbiae both species of aphids are attacked by a large range of natural enemies including lady beetles, flower fly larvae, lacewing larvae, predatory midges and parasitic wasps, especially diaeretiella rapae and aphidius nigripes for the green peach and potato aphids, respectively.
Soda pdf merge tool allows you to combine two or more documents into a single pdf file for free. Potato aphid definition of potato aphid by merriamwebster. Water stress lowered stomatal conductance, and both water and heat stress reduced leaf area. Host species suitability and instar preference of aphidius. Potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae divergent tubercules. The body length of macrosiphum euphorbiae apterae is 2. While several species of aphids can occur on fruiting vegetables, the most. Identification of two sex pheromone components of the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas article pdf available in journal of chemical ecology 304. The species originates from the northeastern usa where it produces sexual forms and host alternates with rose rosa as its primary host. Several species of aphids can form colonies on young tomato leaflets at the propagation stage. Macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas photo 393,myzus persicae sulzer photo 391,aphis gossypii glover photo 392, and aulacorthum solani kaltenbach. Development, survival, and fecundity of the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae thomas, at constant temperatures1 volume 94 issue 6 c. This aphid is much bigger than the green peach aphid with a more elongate body shape and is generally found on the terminals of tomato plants later in the season. Aphididae is a frequent pest of cultivated tomato that causes leaf curling, chlorosis, and shoot dieback flint, 1990.
1508 504 699 1075 136 532 1085 344 510 596 1182 1260 185 1251 289 209 195 437 345 1004 1122 723 617 956 407 1482 1070 320 170 972 376 1026 841 78 755 42 1397